How to assess the effectiveness of nasal influenza vaccines? Role and measurement of sIgA in mucosal secretions

E Gianchecchi, A Manenti, O Kistner… - Influenza and other …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
E Gianchecchi, A Manenti, O Kistner, C Trombetta, I Manini, E Montomoli
Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2019Wiley Online Library
Secretory IgAs (sIgA) constitute the principal isotype of antibodies present in nasal and
mucosal secretions. They are secreted by plasma cells adjacent to the mucosal epithelial
cells, the site where infection occurs, and are the main humoral mediator of mucosal
immunity. Mucosally delivered vaccines, such as live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV),
are able to mimic natural infection without causing disease or virus transmission and mainly
elicit a local immune response. The measurement of sIgA concentrations in nasal …
Abstract
Secretory IgAs (sIgA) constitute the principal isotype of antibodies present in nasal and mucosal secretions. They are secreted by plasma cells adjacent to the mucosal epithelial cells, the site where infection occurs, and are the main humoral mediator of mucosal immunity. Mucosally delivered vaccines, such as live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), are able to mimic natural infection without causing disease or virus transmission and mainly elicit a local immune response. The measurement of sIgA concentrations in nasal swab/wash and saliva samples is therefore a valuable tool for evaluating their role in the effectiveness of such vaccines. Here, we describe two standardized assays (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and microneutralization) available for the quantification of sIgA and discuss the advantages and limitations of their use.
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