(5) The arteries gave evidence of marked change in flive cases,; their coat. s were thickened; their lumen narrowed, containing thrombi in some situations.(6)'There was absorption of bone in nine cases. In some places the absorption had progressed right across the bone, the place of the latter being filled up by fibroid tissue. Inone case," necrosis was complete," in another" only partial," and in both the arteries were affected as above described.(7) Some cases showed" cysts expanding the bone, associated with fibrosis of the mucous membrane." I give verbatim Dr. Martin's conclusion as appended to his report:" Conclu8ion.-From the result of theexamination of the specimens I should conclude that the disease-is apparently a primary'chronic inflam-mation of the mucous membrane, which maytake several courses: 1. There may simply be the fibroid condition of mucous membrane, with or without absorption of bone. 2. There may be a tendency to great de-velopment of myxomatous tissue. 3. There may be necrosis of thebone in connection with diseased arteries (2 cases out of 20), Cases 1 and 7. 4. There may be cystic formation, Cases 2 9, 11" In forwarding his report, 4 of which the above is a faithful epitome, Dr. Martin favoured me with the following statement:" I enclose final report of specimens of middle turbinate disease. I have stated the matter as fairly as I can from a pathological standpoint. If you intend to publish drawings, it will be well to have a skilled draughtsman to do the specimens of necrosed-bone and of absorption of bone." I have only to add that Dr. Martin selected his own draughtsman, Mr. Lewin, who is well known for the fidelity and skil-fulness of his work, and that each drawing was submitted to and approved by Dr. Martin. I think, therefore, that, in reviewing all the ascertained facts, no impartial and competent critic can reasonably resist the convincing nature of the evidence which has been accu-mulated for the existence of definite and constant pathological changes observed in association with the clinical manifestations of this form of nasal disease.